Raw material introduction of bone china

Raw materials are the basis of ceramic production. To make high-grade daily-use fine porcelains like bone china, one must start with high-quality raw materials. As the name suggests, the main raw material of bone china is bone meal. In addition to bone meal, there are two main types of raw materials: one is natural mineral raw materials, mainly including quartz, feldspar, kaolin, etc., which are mainly used for green bodies; the other is chemical Raw materials, such as borax, boric acid, light calcium carbonate, etc., are used as raw materials for glaze or auxiliary raw materials for the body, and there are a small amount of water glass, alkali powder, sodium humate, etc. as auxiliary materials. Bone meal is the main raw material of bone china, and the amount can reach 40%-50% of the whole body. It is the main source of calcium phosphate in bone china. The quality and dosage of bone meal have a greater impact on the color tone, transparency, firing temperature and strength of bone china products. Traditional bone china generally uses animal bone powder as raw material, and now there are also bone china made of synthetic bone powder. Its texture and performance are basically the same as traditional bone china, and some indicators are even better than traditional bone china. Animal bone meal is the product of vertebrate bones after degreasing, calcination and other processes. Its main component is hydroxyapatite, and a small amount of calcium fluoride, calcium carbonate, magnesium phosphate and so on. The bone meal used in the production is the bones of cattle, sheep, pigs and other animals, first steamed and defatted at 900-1000°C, then calcined at 900-1300°C, finely ground by a ball mill, and then washed with water or acid to remove iron , Manufactured after drying. In order to avoid carbonization and blackening, the bone block must be well ventilated when calcining. Generally, the bone residue after extracting the bone glue in the bone glue factory can also be used. Bone powder itself is insoluble as a raw material. The melting temperature of calcium phosphate can reach 1720°C. However, when the amount of bone powder in ordinary clay blanks is small (2%-20%), it can be used as a strong flux. The British believe that 2-4 year old calf bone is the best bone china. Experiments have shown that the porcelain-forming temperature of bovine bone is higher, the porcelain white porcelin dinnerware-forming temperature of pig bone is slightly lower than that of bovine bone, and that of sheep bone is lower. Sheep bone has better plasticity and is easy to form, but its whiteness is not as good as cow bone. Cow bone is the best raw material, followed by sheep bone and pig bone the worst.
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