What are the classifications of ceramics and how to buy them

Ceramic dining utensils are common, and they are popular among consumers for their easy cleaning, acid and alkali resistance, convenience for high temperature, steaming, boiling, baking, and baking. The beautifully shaped and beautifully decorated ceramic ware is not only practical, but also more artistic and ornamental, and it is a daily necessities. But many people still don't know very well. Today Guangdong Hosen will talk about the classification of ceramics and how to buy them. 1. Classification of ceramics 1. Classification by types of porcelain: currently on the market there are mainly daily-use porcelain, bone ashes, daily-use porcelain white porcelin dinnerware, underglaze (medium) color daily-use porcelain, daily-use fine pottery, ordinary ceramic cooking ware and fine ceramics Cooker, etc. Daily-use chinaware ceramic (the bone ashes has only one grade) are classified into high-quality, first-class, and qualified products according to the number or magnitude of appearance defects.　　2. Classification according to the decoration method of the flower surface: According to the characteristics of the flower surface, it can be divided into overglaze, midglaze, underglaze and colored glaze porcelain white porcelin dinnerware, and some uncolored white porcelain.　　 On-glaze ceramics is a product made of decorative paper made of on-glaze ceramic pigments attached to the glaze or painted directly on the surface of the product, and then baked at 700-850°C. Because the firing temperature does not reach the melting temperature of the glaze layer and the non-in-glaze ceramic pigments are used, the flower surface cannot sink into the glaze, but can only stick to the surface of the glaze layer. If you touch the surface of the product with your hands, there is a sense of protrusion in the decoration, and observe the unevenness with the naked eye. The firing temperature of 　　in-glaze ceramics is higher than that of over-glaze, reaching the melting temperature of the glaze of the product. The ceramic pigment sinks into the glaze when the glaze is melted, and is covered by the glaze layer after cooling. The surface of the product is smooth as glass, basically without unevenness. Underglaze ceramics is a traditional decoration method in our country. All the decorations of the products are carried out on the porcelain blanks. After glazing, they are fired at a high temperature. This kind of products is the same as the in-glaze color. The flower surface is covered by the glaze layer, and the surface is bright. , Flat, smooth surface of the product touched by hand, sometimes there is a feeling of depression in the decoration. In 　　 colored glaze porcelain, a high-temperature color agent is added to the ceramic glaze, so that the glaze surface of the fired product shows a certain color, such as yellow, blue, and bean cyan.　　White porcelain usually refers to chinaware ceramic without any color decoration.　　 Two, purchase and purchase matters needing attention 　 　 1. Appearance quality. Consumers can first check the product name and grade indicated in the product packaging box or the file in the box; secondly, they can observe the physical quality of the product with the naked eye. When purchasing, they should try to choose products with no obvious defects on the surface and regular shapes. For plate and bowl products, you can stack several products of the same size and observe the distance between them. The distance is uneven, indicating that the shape of the device is irregular and the deformation is large. For a single product, you can lay it flat or snap it back on the glass plate to see if it fits the glass plate to determine the magnitude of its deformation. For porcelain products, you can hold it on your hand and tap the edge of the mouth with your fingers. If there is a hoarse sound, it means that there are cracks.　　2. Lead and cadmium dissolution: In-glaze products and underglaze products have little or almost no lead dissolution and cadmium dissolution, so you can buy it with confidence. When purchasing overglaze products, please refer to the following methods: 　　a. For utensils that hold food, products with fewer decorative patterns on the surface that contact the food should be used.　　B. When purchasing, you should also pay attention to whether the color of the pattern is bright. If it is not bright, the temperature may not meet the requirements when baking the flower. The amount of lead or cadmium dissolution of such products is often higher.　　C. Pay special attention to those products whose patterns can be wiped off by hand. Most of these products have a high amount of lead or cadmium, so they should not be purchased. d. For products that are not assured, edible vinegar can be used (the concentration of acetic acid used in the test of the amount of lead and cadmium is basically the same as the acetic acid concentration of edible vinegar.) Soak for a few hours. If there is a significant change in color, it should be discarded. Most of these products have a high amount of lead or cadmium.　　E. For products marked for decoration, do not use them to hold food.　　 In addition, when choosing products for microwave ovens, you should avoid products with metal decorations, such as products with gold or silver edges, or products with embossed paper, metal wire, or metal wire inlaid patterns.

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