Identification method and description of lead in ceramic tableware

Many friends tend to choose ceramic products when they choose to buy tableware, because in their impression, the safety performance of ceramic white porcelin dinnerware is relatively high, and the price is good, but in fact, according to the relevant test data, it is now shown that there are many on the market. Ceramic tableware has a high lead content. Consumers can only exclude products that exceed the standard by referring to certain identification methods and choose safe tableware. So today's example is about the identification of lead content in ceramic tableware and specific instructions. 1. Does the ceramic tableware contain lead, but the content is different? The lead in ceramics should mainly refer to the pigment. Therefore, it is best to use a pure white liner. The following are some of the information I have compiled, I hope it will be useful to you. ①Most porcelains contain lead to some extent, mainly because of color. It seems that only blue and white porcelain does not contain lead because the pigment is pure plant. ② Pottery is fired with clay, and the firing temperature is low; porcelain tableware is fired with china clay (kaolin), and the firing temperature is higher. The texture of pottery is coarse and opaque, so it is less used as tableware; while porcelain is dense and translucent, and it is mostly used as tableware. Pure porcelain is harmless to the human body. ③But in fact, in order to make the porcelain tableware impermeable and beautiful, people often glaze and color it, and paint it with colorful glaze, which leads to lead in ceramic products. The amount of lead dissolved in ceramic tableware mainly comes from the decorative materials on the ceramic glaze, such as ceramic pigments and ceramic decals. ④ The picture decoration of ceramics can be roughly divided into overglaze, midglaze, underglaze and white porcelain. On-glaze ceramics are made of decorative paper made of lead-containing pigments pasted on the glaze and baked at 700-850 degrees Celsius. Experts point out that this lead compound can be dissolved by acid, and when food comes in contact with the screen, lead may be dissolved by organic acid in the food. From the point of view of the production process, porcelain tableware with in-glaze and under-glaze is relatively safe. Of course, if the design of the on-glaze color is reasonable and the barbecue technology is appropriate, it can prevent the lead content from exceeding the standard. We soaked the bowls with colorful patterns in acid solution according to the national regulations, and the soluble lead is all lower than the national standard. ⑤However, even if you use such a bowl to hold acidic food, if you drink 100ml per day based on the average amount of lead dissolved out, the cannibalistic lead can reach 26ug (porcelain bowl) or 3.6ug (imitation porcelain plastic bowl), respectively. Two-year-old children are allowed to take 74% and 10% of lead per day. What’s more serious is that in order to reduce costs, some operators purchase cheap decorative materials with high lead and cadmium content and unstable performance; during the production process, excessive decoration area, insufficient baking temperature or improper processing will cause lead dissolution of ceramic products. The amount does not meet the standard. ⑥At present, the domestic daily-use ceramic food and beverage utensils market is still dominated by lower-grade products, especially some individual and private enterprises, who are rushing to work quickly, shortening the baking time or lowering the baking temperature at will, and even using it based on experience The controlled old-fashioned baking stove has severely restricted the improvement of the overall quality of the industry. ⑦Experts’ suggestions on how to choose ceramic tableware whose lead dissolution amount does not exceed the standard: The underglaze, inglaze and white porcelain currently on the market do not contain lead and are relatively safe. On-glaze chinaware ceramic are easier to identify by visual inspection and touch-be careful if the picture is not as bright as the glazed surface, the hand feel is not smooth, or the edge of the picture is raised. A more reliable method can require distributors or manufacturers to provide a quality inspection report for the product, which is much safer than visual observation. ⑧ Experts also reminded not to blindly believe that imported chinaware ceramic are lead-free. Not long ago, the Hong Kong Customs inspected 600 types of porcelain tableware from Japan, Italy, the United Kingdom, Portugal and other countries, including bowls, saucers, cups and spoons of different sizes, and found that 526 types did not meet international standards and released excessive amounts of heavy metals. Lead, the unqualified rate is as high as 87%. ⑨Experts pointed out that this kind of lead compound can be dissolved by acid. When the food comes into contact with the screen, the lead may be dissolved out by the organic acid in the food. To be on the safe side, people are advised to soak them in vinegar for two to three hours before eating them. ⑩Finally, I generally advise you not to use too brightly colored porcelain to make white porcelin dinnerware, especially those with colors on the inside. If you can't recognize the glaze, just use the pure white inner surface. 2. How to distinguish the lead content of ceramic tableware? Mainly from two aspects, one is ceramic raw materials and the other is firing. The ceramic raw materials are mainly green body raw materials (clay), glaze raw materials (glaze), and decoration raw materials (painting materials). Generally speaking, the clay of the green body is porcelain clay (mainly kaolin) or pottery clay. These two items are basically safe, because there is generally no chemical additives, natural clay or minerals, and only the difference in grade quality. The problem mainly lies in the glaze or paint material. The glaze forms a glaze (vitrification) similar to glass after high temperature. As long as it is a raw ore of the formula, a small amount of chemical industry will not be able to become a climate. Painting materials are more troublesome. Basically, low-cost materials are chemical materials, and color materials contain heavy metals (lead, mercury, etc.). Therefore, it is conceivable that the underglaze color is relatively safer. So buy porcelain, avoid buying some rare and cheap foreign trade medium-temperature porcelain with hand-painted patterns. Although there are many ceramic tableware on the market with excessive lead content, it greatly affects the user's use, but also causes potential safety hazards. But everyone does not need to worry too much, because the so-called lead content of ceramic tableware often appears in the use of pigments, so pure white ceramic tableware is relatively reliable. The above is the text and picture description of excessive lead in ceramic white porcelin dinnerware, and there are also examples of identification methods for lead in ceramic tableware for reference.

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