Basic knowledge of ceramic coffee cup craft

The raw materials for ceramic coffee cups are mainly from rocks, and rocks are mostly composed of silicon and aluminum. also use this kind of rocks as raw materials, which are artificially heated to make them strong, similar to the formation of igneous rocks. Therefore, chemically speaking, there is no big difference between the composition of ceramics and the composition of rocks. If it is a ceramic made of silicon and aluminum, its main raw materials are as follows: 1. Quartz-the chemical composition is pure silicon dioxide (SiO2), also known as silica. This kind of mineral has no stickiness even if it is broken into fine powder, and can be used to make up for the shortcomings of ceramic raw materials that are too sticky. It becomes unstable and becomes tridymite above 780°C, and begins to melt at 1730°C. 2. Feldspar-a compound mainly composed of silica and alumina and mixed with sodium, potassium, calcium and so on. There are many types because of the different amounts contained. Generally, some rocks containing more feldspar are called feldspar, and some are named after its place of production. Now the representative feldspars and their components are listed in Table 1. The first three are purely theoretical components, while the latter contains all the impure materials in the rock. Albite and anorthite melt into each other in various proportions and become a variety of feldspars. These are collectively called 'plagioclaseThere is also a kind of orthoclase (potassium feldspar) that has the same composition and has a slightly different shape, and it has been misrepresented as orthoclase. In fact, this kind of plagioclase should be called 'micro-plagioclase'. 3. clay (also known as 'kaolin')- clay (H4Al2Si2O9) is the main raw material of chinaware ceramic. It is named after Gaoling near Jingdezhen, China, which was produced in the world kiln factory. Later, the Chinese accent of 'Kaolin' evolved into 'Kaolin' and became an international term. Pure porcelain clay is a white or off-white soft mineral with silky luster. clay is formed by the metamorphism of mica and feldspar, the loss of sodium, potassium, calcium, iron, etc., and the change of water. This effect is called 'china clay' or 'kaolinization'. As for the origin of china clay, although there is no conclusion in the academic circles, it can be roughly considered that the feldspars are metamorphic due to the effects of hot springs or water containing carbonated gas and the gases generated when the plants on the marshes decompose. Generally, porcelain clay is mostly produced near hot springs or around lime layers, which may be the reason. The melting point of porcelain clay is about 1780℃. In fact, its melting point is slightly lowered because it contains some impure substances. There is not much stock of pure porcelain white porcelin dinnerware clay (kaolin), and the so-called pure porcelain clay does not have the strong viscosity of clay. Generally speaking, if the porcelain clay is observed under a microscope, most of it has a white silky luster, silver gleam, and very small crystals. This is the so-called pure porcelain clay. In addition, it also contains fragments of unmodified feldspar, quartz, iron ore, and other rocks that are the source of china clay. The composition of pure porcelain clay is: SiO2 46.51%, Al2O3 39.54%, H2O 13.95%, and its melting point is 1780℃. is among the ceramics. What kind of rock is good for porcelain? Because the porcelain is white. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the iron content that makes the chinaware ceramic colored. Rocks with low iron content and mainly composed of silica and alumina include granite, granite porphyry, quartz porphyry, quartz trachyte, and sedimentary rocks formed by the collapse of such rocks. The granites and even quartz trachytees mentioned here (that is, the igneous rocks also contain more silica and alumina but less iron molecules) are mainly composed of quartz and feldspar, and contain some mica and rich A black-green or black-brown mineral with iron content (iron oxide). If you look closely at these rocks, you can see many transparent particles like glass and bright white or light red particles like porcelain. The former is quartz and the latter is feldspar. Although the chemical composition of these four kinds of rocks is the same, because of the different sizes of particles such as feldspar and quartz, different rocks are formed. The whole granite is composed of relatively large particles (1-7 mm in diameter). Quartz trachyte is the presence of small grains of quartz and feldspar in dense plains where no grains can be seen. Granite porphyry and quartz porphyry are somewhere in between, and they contain large grains of quartz in dense plains. The difference in the structure of this type of rock lies in the length of time from molten magma to cold solidification. Granite is long, quartz trachyte is short, and granite porphyry and quartz porphyry are between the two. It's cold inside. are made of rock, so they cannot have rock-like particles. The main reason is that the ceramic raw materials are not completely melted at high temperatures like rocks, and the required cooling time is relatively short. This is natural rock and Artificial rock is the difference between ceramics. Sometimes things with the same composition as the quartz trachyte, flow onto the ground in a molten state and suddenly freeze and solidify, thus forming a glass that does not contain the particles of quartz, feldspar, etc. that can be seen with the naked eye like the above-mentioned rocks, and forms the same glass. It is the so-called obsidian and barite. It can be seen that the essence of rock and ceramics is the same, only the difference between natural and artificial. The semi-granite and pegmatite granite that contain most of the silica in granite. The former has fine particles of feldspar and quartz, while the latter is formed by extra-large particles of feldspar and quartz. Some of them concentrate the same substance in a certain part and become pure quartz veins or pure feldspar veins, and some are transformed into semi-granite (in some places, the original semi-granite is used as the ceramic raw material).

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